Milady Esthetics State Board Practice Test

What occurs when free radicals cause an oxidation reaction?

1. They repair cellular damage

2. They neutralize toxins

3. They produce a new free radical

4. They enhance cellular communication

The correct answer is: They produce a new free radical

When free radicals cause an oxidation reaction, it leads to the production of a new free radical. Free radicals are unstable molecules that seek to stabilize themselves by stealing electrons from nearby molecules, causing those molecules to become oxidized and, in turn, become free radicals themselves. This chain reaction perpetuates the cycle, as each new free radical will continue to oxidize other molecules. In the context of skin and overall health, the activity of free radicals contributes to cellular damage and aging, as they disrupt normal cellular function and can lead to various health issues. Understanding this process highlights the importance of antioxidants, which can neutralize free radicals and interrupt this damaging chain reaction. The other choices do not accurately represent the action of free radicals during oxidation; they do not repair damage, neutralize toxins, or enhance communication among cells. Instead, they primarily contribute to further cellular instability and potential harm.